Avalanche: an End-to-End Library for Continual Learning

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Avalanche is an End-to-End Continual Learning Library based on PyTorch, born within ContinualAI with the goal of providing a shared and collaborative open-source (MIT licensed) codebase for fast prototyping, training and reproducible evaluation of continual learning algorithms.

Looking for continual learning baselines? In the CL-Baseline sibling project based on Avalanche we reproduce seminal papers results you can directly use in your experiments!

Avalanche can help Continual Learning researchers and practitioners in several ways:

• Write less code, prototype faster & reduce errors

• Improve reproducibility, modularity and reusability

• Increase code efficiency, scalability & portability

• Augment impact and usability of your research products

The library is organized in five main modules:

• Benchmarks: This module maintains a uniform API for data handling: mostly generating a stream of data from one or more datasets. It contains all the major CL benchmarks (similar to what has been done for torchvision).

• Training: This module provides all the necessary utilities concerning model training. This includes simple and efficient ways of implement new continual learning strategies as well as a set pre-implemented CL baselines and state-of-the-art algorithms you will be able to use for comparison!

• Evaluation: This modules provides all the utilities and metrics that can help evaluate a CL algorithm with respect to all the factors we believe to be important for a continually learning system.

• Models: In this module you'll be able to find several model architectures and pre-trained models that can be used for your continual learning experiment (similar to what has been done in torchvision.models).

• Logging: It includes advanced logging and plotting features, including native stdout, file and TensorBoard support (How cool it is to have a complete, interactive dashboard, tracking your experiment metrics in real-time with a single line of code?)

Avalanche the first experiment of a End-to-end Library for reproducible continual learning research & development where you can find benchmarks, algorithms, evaluation metrics and much more, in the same place.

Let's make it together 👫 a wonderful ride! 🎈

Check out how your code changes when you start using Avalanche! 👇

With Avalanche

import torch
from torch.nn import CrossEntropyLoss
from torch.optim import SGD

from avalanche.benchmarks.classic import PermutedMNIST
from avalanche.training.plugins import EvaluationPlugin
from avalanche.evaluation.metrics import accuracy_metrics
from avalanche.models import SimpleMLP
from avalanche.training.supervised import Naive

# Config
device = torch.device("cuda:0" if torch.cuda.is_available() else "cpu")

# model
model = SimpleMLP(num_classes=10)

# CL Benchmark Creation
perm_mnist = PermutedMNIST(n_experiences=3)
train_stream = perm_mnist.train_stream
test_stream = perm_mnist.test_stream

# Prepare for training & testing
optimizer = SGD(model.parameters(), lr=0.001, momentum=0.9)
criterion = CrossEntropyLoss()
eval_plugin = EvaluationPlugin(
    accuracy_metrics(minibatch=True, epoch=True, epoch_running=True, 
                     experience=True, stream=True))

# Continual learning strategy
cl_strategy = Naive(
    model, optimizer, criterion, train_mb_size=32, train_epochs=2, 
    eval_mb_size=32, evaluator=eval_plugin, device=device)

# train and test loop
results = []
for train_task in train_stream:
    cl_strategy.train(train_task, num_workers=4)
    results.append(cl_strategy.eval(test_stream))

Without Avalanche

import torch
import torch.nn as nn
from torch.nn import CrossEntropyLoss
from torch.optim import SGD
from torchvision import transforms
from torchvision.datasets import MNIST
from torchvision.transforms import ToTensor, RandomCrop
from torch.utils.data import DataLoader
import numpy as np
from copy import copy

# Config
device = torch.device("cuda:0" if torch.cuda.is_available() else "cpu")

# model
class SimpleMLP(nn.Module):

    def __init__(self, num_classes=10, input_size=28*28):
        super(SimpleMLP, self).__init__()

        self.features = nn.Sequential(
            nn.Linear(input_size, 512),
            nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
            nn.Dropout(),
        )
        self.classifier = nn.Linear(512, num_classes)
        self._input_size = input_size

    def forward(self, x):
        x = x.contiguous()
        x = x.view(x.size(0), self._input_size)
        x = self.features(x)
        x = self.classifier(x)
        return x
model = SimpleMLP(num_classes=10)

# CL Benchmark Creation
list_train_dataset = []
list_test_dataset = []
rng_permute = np.random.RandomState(0)
train_transform = transforms.Compose([
    RandomCrop(28, padding=4),
    ToTensor(),
    transforms.Normalize((0.1307,), (0.3081,))
])
test_transform = transforms.Compose([
    ToTensor(),
    transforms.Normalize((0.1307,), (0.3081,))
])

# permutation transformation
class PixelsPermutation(object):
    def __init__(self, index_permutation):
        self.permutation = index_permutation

    def __call__(self, x):
        return x.view(-1)[self.permutation].view(1, 28, 28)

def get_permutation():
    return torch.from_numpy(rng_permute.permutation(784)).type(torch.int64)

# for every incremental step
permutations = []
for i in range(3):
    # choose a random permutation of the pixels in the image
    idx_permute = get_permutation()
    current_perm = PixelsPermutation(idx_permute)
    permutations.append(idx_permute)

    # add the permutation to the default dataset transformation
    train_transform_list = train_transform.transforms.copy()
    train_transform_list.append(current_perm)
    new_train_transform = transforms.Compose(train_transform_list)

    test_transform_list = test_transform.transforms.copy()
    test_transform_list.append(current_perm)
    new_test_transform = transforms.Compose(test_transform_list)

    # get the datasets with the constructed transformation
    permuted_train = MNIST(root='./data/mnist',
                           download=True, transform=new_train_transform)
    permuted_test = MNIST(root='./data/mnist',
                    train=False,
                    download=True, transform=new_test_transform)
    list_train_dataset.append(permuted_train)
    list_test_dataset.append(permuted_test)

# Train
optimizer = SGD(model.parameters(), lr=0.001, momentum=0.9)
criterion = CrossEntropyLoss()

for task_id, train_dataset in enumerate(list_train_dataset):

    train_data_loader = DataLoader(
        train_dataset, num_workers=4, batch_size=32)
    
    for ep in range(2):
        for iteration, (train_mb_x, train_mb_y) in enumerate(train_data_loader):
            optimizer.zero_grad()
            train_mb_x = train_mb_x.to(device)
            train_mb_y = train_mb_y.to(device)

            # Forward
            logits = model(train_mb_x)
            # Loss
            loss = criterion(logits, train_mb_y)
            # Backward
            loss.backward()
            # Update
            optimizer.step()

# Test
acc_results = []
for task_id, test_dataset in enumerate(list_test_dataset):
    
    test_data_loader = DataLoader(
        test_dataset, num_workers=4, batch_size=32)
    
    correct = 0
    for iteration, (test_mb_x, test_mb_y) in enumerate(test_data_loader):

        # Move mini-batch data to device
        test_mb_x = test_mb_x.to(device)
        test_mb_y = test_mb_y.to(device)

        # Forward
        test_logits = model(test_mb_x)

        # Loss
        test_loss = criterion(test_logits, test_mb_y)

        # compute acc
        correct += test_mb_y.eq(test_logits.argmax(dim=1)).sum().item()
    
    acc_results.append(correct / len(test_dataset))

🚦 Getting Started

We know that learning a new tool may be tough at first. This is why we made Avalanche as easy as possible to learn with a set of resources that will help you along the way.

For example, you may start with our 5-minutes guide that will let you acquire the basics about Avalanche and how you can use it in your research project:

Learn Avalanche in 5 Minutes

We have also prepared for you a large set of examples & snippets you can plug-in directly into your code and play with:

https://github.com/ContinualAI/avalanche/blob/master/docs/gitbook/broken-reference/README.md

Having completed these two sections, you will already feel with superpowers ⚡, this is why we have also created an in-depth tutorial that will cover all the aspect of Avalanche in details and make you a true Continual Learner! 👨‍🎓️

https://github.com/ContinualAI/avalanche/blob/master/docs/gitbook/broken-reference/README.md

📑 Cite Avalanche

If you use Avalanche in your research project, please remember to cite our JMLR-MLOSS paper https://jmlr.org/papers/v24/23-0130.html. This will help us make Avalanche better known in the machine learning community, ultimately making a better tool for everyone:

@article{JMLR:v24:23-0130,
  author  = {Antonio Carta and Lorenzo Pellegrini and Andrea Cossu and Hamed Hemati and Vincenzo Lomonaco},
  title   = {Avalanche: A PyTorch Library for Deep Continual Learning},
  journal = {Journal of Machine Learning Research},
  year    = {2023},
  volume  = {24},
  number  = {363},
  pages   = {1--6},
  url     = {http://jmlr.org/papers/v24/23-0130.html}
}

you can also cite the previous CLVision @ CVPR2021 workshop paper: "Avalanche: an End-to-End Library for Continual Learning".

@InProceedings{lomonaco2021avalanche,
    title={Avalanche: an End-to-End Library for Continual Learning},
    author={Vincenzo Lomonaco and Lorenzo Pellegrini and Andrea Cossu and Antonio Carta and Gabriele Graffieti and Tyler L. Hayes and Matthias De Lange and Marc Masana and Jary Pomponi and Gido van de Ven and Martin Mundt and Qi She and Keiland Cooper and Jeremy Forest and Eden Belouadah and Simone Calderara and German I. Parisi and Fabio Cuzzolin and Andreas Tolias and Simone Scardapane and Luca Antiga and Subutai Amhad and Adrian Popescu and Christopher Kanan and Joost van de Weijer and Tinne Tuytelaars and Davide Bacciu and Davide Maltoni},
    booktitle={Proceedings of IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition},
    series={2nd Continual Learning in Computer Vision Workshop},
    year={2021}
}

🗂️ Maintained by ContinualAI Lab

Avalanche is the flagship open-source collaborative project of ContinualAI: a non profit research organization and the largest open community on Continual Learning for AI.

Do you have a question, do you want to report an issue or simply ask for a new feature? Check out the Questions & Issues center. Do you want to improve Avalanche yourself? Follow these simple rules on How to Contribute.

The Avalanche project is maintained by the collaborative research team ContinualAI Lab and used extensively by the Units of the ContinualAI Research (CLAIR) consortium, a research network of the major continual learning stakeholders around the world.

We are always looking for new awesome members willing to join the ContinualAI Lab, so check out our official website if you want to learn more about us and our activities, or contact us.

Learn more about the Avalanche team and all the people who made it great!